A framework for optimal clustering of a greenfield distribution network area into multiple autonomous microgrids

Microgrids (MGs) are recognized as cores and clusters of smart distribution networks. The optimal planning and clustering of smart low-voltage distribution networks into autonomous MGs within a greenfield area is modeled and discussed in this paper. In order to form and determine the electrical boundary of MGs set, some predefined criteria such as power mismatch, supply security and load density are defined. The network includes an external grid as backup and both dispatchable and non-dispatchable Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) as MGs resources. The proposed strategy offers optimum sizing and siting of DERs and MV substations for the autonomous operation of multiple MGs simultaneously. The imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) is used to optimize the cost function to determine the optimal linked MG clustering boundary. To evaluate the algorithm the proposed method is applied to a greenfield area which is planned to become a mixed residential and commercial town. The MGs' optimal border, DERs location, size and type within each MG and LV feeders route are illustrated in both graphical and tabular form.