Teachers and teaching on the agenda of the Educational Research Network for West and Central Africa (ERNWACA): An update twenty years after Maclure (1997)

This article is an extension of Maclure's 1997 synthesis of educational research in West and Central Africa. It is a literature review on the theme of teachers and teaching in the twelve Francophone member countries of the Educational Research Network for West and Central Africa (ERNWACA) over the past twenty years, from 1997 to 2017. This review is based on a set of documents selected in ERNWACA's digital library. The 315 studies reviewed cover the following four sub-themes: 1) teacher education and training and teaching practices; 2) learning assessment and quality of education; 3) curricular reforms and teaching methods; and 4) Non-formal education. These studies converge on a lack of initial and in-service teacher education, which makes it difficult for teachers to apply the pedagogical methods and curricula introduced by various reforms, and offer quality teaching. Twenty years after Maclure, teacher issues and teaching can be framed in the same terms.