Transanal endoscopic microsurgery

Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery (TEM) is a specialized form of transanal endoscopic surgery that utilizes an operating proctoscope, gas insutflation, specialized instrumentation, and magnified stereoscopic vision to operate on lesions that were previously deemed unresectable or unreachable by traditional transanal techniques. Herein we present a brief overview of TEM, including the operative indications for both malignant and benign lesions, necessary equipment, operative technique, and a discussion of operative and oncologic outcomes. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.