AFFECT OF AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS ON BIODIVERSITY

Biodiversity is understood as "diversifying of all living organisms existing on Earth in continental ecosystems, marine and freshwater, and in environmental groups, which are the part of them". This includes diversity within species, between species, and ecosystem diversity. According to many authors, biodiversity in the agricultural landscape and agroecosystems plays greater role than natural ecosystems. Disappearance of sensitive organisms is due to direct changes in biocenoses structure and indirect impact of humans on organisms trough affecting soil conditions, the quality of water and air. For the protection of biological diversity preventing species extinction in the wild state is a priority task. Over the past hundred years many wild species of plants have disappeared as well as their unique genotypes. Most of the genous stores of plants is within the populations of crop species assessed in terms of genetic diversity on the basis of the number of registered varieties. For example, the register of varieties of agricultural crops from the year 2008 shows more than 1100 varieties of plant crops, large part of which comes from outside of our country. In addition to this day, the fragmented and extensive agricultural economy has survived many local or old varieties of cereals, vegetables, fodder plants and fruit trees, among which there are also varieties with relict character (false flax, oily variety of common reddish, true millet).