GLOBALIZATION IN THE CONTEXT OF CULTURAL DIVERSITY

This paper mainly deals with two dimensions characterizing the globalization process: a universalist dimension which leads to unification of the world under aegis of the single dominating state, and a multicultural dimension which leads to establishing of world real diversity. The pinnacle concerning a discourse about globalization is registered in the nineties of the XXC. Theoretical debates in this period have different appraisals: from a negative definition of globalization as a global babble to a wide spread fascination for globalization. In spite of innumerable discussions and booms in the literature, the theorizing on this problem is in part developed. International Relations, Political Sciences, Sociology, Legal Sciences, etc. are all concerned with the analysis of the phenomenon of globalization, though globalization remains a pretty marginal topic for other disciplines. The discourse about globalization cannot be located inside one problem; it includes various dimensions, which extend the field of scientific knowledge and theoretical representation around the idea of globalization. Such discursive approach can be characterized as intersectional approach to globalization. In most recent theoretical debates, depending on the character of the process of globalization (homogeneous or fragmentary), two trends of investigation of this process arise: (i) globalization on the basis of the idea of progress which leads to an homogeneous world (universalism); (ii) globalization on the basis of representation of the world's real diversity (multiculturalism). Theorists of globalization stress the fact that an economic-homogenisation paradigm of globalization is becoming powerful in both academic and popular usage. They then focus their attention on the increased integration of the global economy and its homogenizing effects on state policy and culture. As for homogeneous (i.e universalistic) discussions, the tendency for many issues to assume opposite values-on the segment comprising versions of globalization and elite versions of globalization-arises. Even popular anti-globalist movements are nothing else but representation of the globalization process in alternative forms. S,contradictions, associated with the process of globalization are not external with respect to such process, but instead in it. Multicultural concepts of globalization based on the recognition of the world cultural diversity, are still popular because of their non-repressive and tolerant forms. Appraisals of multiculturalism as an intellectual trend, which could be evaluated as a core of recent multi-globalization processes, are controversial (as it is foe example demonstrated in the works by authors like J. Searle, R. Porty, C. Taylor, W. Kymlicka). The theorists on globalization stress the fact that contemporary globalization processes includes many instances of globalization.