From Infertility to Induced Abortion: A Case of Bilateral Ovarian Dermoid Cysts

Background: A mature teratoma, or dermoid cyst, is the most common ovarian tumor, accounting for 10%-20% of all ovarian tumours and occurs bilaterally in 10%-15% of cases. These cysts are known to occur in patients at any age, but the peak incidence is reported in reproductive age. The issue of infertility is controversial with respect to bilateral ovarian dermoid cysts. Pregnancy is not impossible if there is some healthy ovarian tissue even in one side after surgery for bilateral ovarian dermoid cysts. Case: A 38-year-old woman presented with primary infertility for 4 years. On examination and detailed investigation, she was found to have bilateral ovarian dermoid cysts. Right-sided oophorectomy and a left-sided ovarian cystectomy were performed, preserving healthy ovarian tissue. She conceived during the third cycle of ovulation induction. Results: The outcome was a term healthy baby, delivered by Cesarean section. Eight months postdelivery, she conceived again spontaneously. After repeated counseling to continue the pregnancy, medical abortion was done as per her request. Conclusions: In women with bilateral ovarian dermoid cysts, if future fertility is required, then preservation of some healthy ovarian tissue, even on one side, at the time of surgery can save the fertility of these women.