... TO RULE THEM ALL, AND IN THE DARKNESS BIND THEM: THE TURN TO MODERNITY IN POLITIC THEORY

The purpose of this article is to analize the shift that the Modern Age has made in Political Theory, regarding principles considered as essential in Ancient and Medieval Philosophy. The methodology followed here is a commentary and a comparison of several texts by Plato, Aristotle, Saint Augustine, Saint Thomas, Machiavelli and Hobbes, all of which are highly significant with regard to Political Theory. The conclusion is that, while the Ancient and Medieval World designed Political Theories that were able to measure political practices in relation to Justice and Common Good, the shift towards the human subject that is implied in the Modern Age leads to Political Theories - and practices - that understand power as a goal in itself - and this diminishes real freedom for real men.