Disability Self-Categorization in Emerging Adults: Relationship With Self-Esteem, Perceived Esteem, Mindfulness, and Markers of Adulthood

This study examines whether self-esteem, perceived esteem, and attainment of markers of adulthood differ based on disability self-identification and mindfulness in emerging adults with disability. Given that mindfulness involves enhanced consideration of alternative perspectives, mindfulness was expected to correlate positively with self-esteem, particularly for those self-identifying as "disabled.'' Emerging adults (N = 1,353) completed measures of self-esteem, perceived esteem, markers of adulthood, mindfulness, and disability status. Respondents who experience a disabling impairment but did not self-identify as disabled reported lower self-esteem and perceived esteem than those with no disability. Mindfulness was positively associated with self-esteem in all groups, with the strongest relationship in those who self-identified as disabled. Findings suggest that embracing one's disability may be protective against the stressful effects of this marginalized identity. Clinicians should encourage individuals with disability to cultivate mindfulness skills, as they are associated with positive outcomes for this population.