CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE TECHNOLOGY: WORLD OVERVIEW AND BRAZILIAN SITUATION

The scientific analysis and discussion on the effect of anthropogenic emissions of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emissions and its consequences on climate change had obtained public notoriety in recent decades. The need for global actions designed to combat global warming move both the public and the private sector. The relationship between environment and economy has been a subject of discussion since the first UN Conference on the Human Environment held in Stockholm in 1972. Due to the production / consumption / environment, the private sector is interested in one of the biggest issues of Global Environmental Governance (GAG). As climate change, although the scientific evidence increases, policy responses have had so far little or no impact on the accumulation of emissions. Technology Capture and Storage of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) in Geological Reservoirs (CCS) is recognized as a major form of GHG mitigation. To encourage its use in large-scale resources are available from the international market and other voluntary carbon credit. Another incentive mechanism for its use is the market for carbon credits from Clean Development Mechanisms (CDM), however, it is not possible. The World already has a number of institutions carrying out research on this technology. The main objective of this paper is to present an overview of the technology world's geological CO2 storage analyzing the situation of this technology in Brazil. The methodology of this paper is composed of exploratory, descriptive and analytical theme that focuses on the strategies and techniques of qualitative and quantitative research. For the collection and analysis of secondary data, we used traditional research resources. Initially, we reviewed the literature on CCS technology. In addition, we performed analysis of institutional documents such as reports, studies and projects. The primary data were collected through visits to specialists. As a result the article shows the positioning of various countries on the inclusion of CCS under the CDM, specifically the position of Brazil, the current status of research on the structure of CCS technology in Brazil, the main reasons to invest in this technology in Brazil and finally the identification of gaps for establishing an environment more favorable to the field of technology. We conclude that the Government of Brazil has been absent in structuring actions relating to CCS, leaving to the private sector to lead the development and mastery of CCS technology.