The effect of different cultivation parameters on the specific activities of soluble and membrane-bound hydrogenases was studied in Alcaligenes eutrophus Z-1 cells. These activities were shown to be dependent primarily on the availability of electrons from the substrate used. Changes in cultivation temperature and oxygen concentration versus the optimal values as well as addition of low amounts of carbon monoxide to the gas phase exerted a lesser effect on the specific hydrogenase activities. Autotrophic and heterotrophic methods were developed for growing A. eutrophus Z-1 cells with a high hydrogenase activity.