BIOLOGICAL AND TECHNOLOGIC INDEXES OF SUGAR-BEET IN DEPENDENCE ON SOIL PENETRATION RESISTANCE AND ON IRRIGATION

On the localities, the dynamic of the penetration resistance of the soil was followed during sugar beet vegetation in two experimental years 1988 and 1989, as characteristic index of the soil compaction. There were followed the degree and depth of the soil compaction on sugar beet growth, development, yield and technologic quality and on harvest quality. In 1988, the effect of the irrigarion on yield and technologic indices of sugar beet, including its storage performance, was tested too. During the sugar beet vegetation the penetration resistance of the soil increased and culminated in the harvest period. The soil compaction caused before all a lower weight and total root yield (by 10 to 28 %), a lower yield of polarization sugar, high harvest losses of beet matter in the field, which were up to 2,5 times higher, a higher occurence of morphologically deformed roots (celery-shaped, prolonged, hollow-crown roots) and generally worse technologic quality of the beet. The irrigation influenced favourably most of these indices and the beet storage performance.