In 1990, the National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Advisory Board published a long-range plan entitled “Window on the 21st Century.” In that plan, the Board recommended that Congress establish a new National Institute of Kidney and Urologic Diseases (NIKUD). This recommendation stemmed from the Board's appreciation that patient morbidity and mortality from kidney and urologic diseases continue to increase and that a focused, well-funded research endeavor is the only real hope for reversing this trend. In 1992, the Board established a special subcommittee to further consider the establishment of NIKUD. The subcommittee sought input from a wide variety of extramural and intramural sources. The American Urologic Association felt that a new devoted institute would provide coordination and expansion of basic research into kidney and urologic diseases, which is presently fragmented and underfunded within multiple institutes. The research areas of kidney and urologic diseases are not currently receiving adequate or appropriate attention proportionate to their prevalence and their adverse impact on society. The American Society of Nephrology supports the establishment of a separate kidney and urology institute. First and foremost, our primary interest is to obtain more support for kidney and urologic diseases. Such research does not receive the emphasis and prominence that it deserves at the National Institutes of Health. The American Society of Nephrology believes that a separate institute would provide increased focus for these diseases. The National Kidney Foundation believes that the creation of such an institute is the highest priority of their medical and lay constituencies, and the American Foundation for Urological Disease feels that the creation of a new kidney and urology institute within the National Institutes of Health is by far the most expeditious way to centralize and advance the research efforts in this critical field. The scope of the NIKUD should be to develop an intramural and extramural research program that focuses on all aspects of kidney and urology diseases. The NIKUD should be organized so that its activities address issues in both pediatric and adult kidney and urologic diseases, including renal failure, transplantation, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, incontinence, sexual dysfunction, and male reproduction. The NIKUD must foster research training and career development. The integrated scientific programs of the new institute will enhance the treatment and cure of kidney and urologic diseases. The development of this new institute will improve the communication between the multiple disciplines involved in kidney and urologic diseases. The establishment of an integrated relationship between kidney and urologic diseases research will lead to the development of a unique scientific culture. A new institute for kidney and urologic diseases will greatly enhance the recruitment of bright, young physicians into kidney and urologic research. The initial budget for the new institute is proposed to be $202.6 million (in 1992 dollars), of which $180 million represents the extramural program, $14 million represents the intramural program, and $8.6 million (of which only $2.2 million is new money) represents research management and support. The new administrative costs are minimal and will not significantly impact the new institute's ability to support research and training programs. The Board approved the report and unanimously recommended the establishment of the NIKUD. © 1994, National Kidney Foundation. All rights reserved. All rights reserved.
