Deep Foundation Systems for High-Rise Buildings in Difficult Soil Conditions

The economic and environment-friendly design of deep foundation systems focuses on a reduction of construction material used, construction time spent and energy consumed within the buildings construction and service time. The special foundation system Combined Pile-Raft Foundation (CPRF), in-situ load tests on the construction yard and a sufficient soil investigation allow cost optimized constructions. In any case at challenging projects the observational method has to be applied for verification and quality control of the design. Regarding the 4-eye-principle as basis of the quality control management an independent peer review of the planning, design and construction phase is the guarantee for safety, serviceability and optimization of all projects. Optimization processes combined with a necessary quality management are explained in this paper on several challenging projects from engineering practice.