Comparative Study of Nanocrystalline Silver Ion Dressings with Normal Saline Dressings in Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Introduction: Diabetic foot is a broad spectrum term which includes infection, ulceration and foot gangrene. Proper assessment of wound along with an aggressive multidisciplinary approach can reduce the risk of limb amputation. Wound dressings play an important role in diabetic foot care management. Nanocrystalline silver ion dressing is a newer modality that has been in consideration for the treatment of diabetic wounds. Aim: To analyse the effect of nanocrystalline silver ion dressings and its comparison with standard normal saline dressings in diabetic foot ulcers. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in the Department of Surgery, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana from January 2016 to June 2017. A total of 30 diabetic patients were included in the study and were equally divided into - Study group and Control group randomly. The study group received nanocrystalline silver ion dressings while the controls received daily dressings with normal saline soaked gauges. Data regarding presence of wound discharge, type of discharge, granulation tissue, changes in the size of wound and presence of slough was recorded and analysed (Chi-square tests). Results: Study group showed better outcomes with 10 Patients (66.7%) being complete responders as compared to control group where 5 patients (33.3%) were complete responders. The wound discharge shifted from purulent to serous, faster in the study group. Granulation tissue formation and slough assessment was significantly better in study group. Conclusion: Nanocrystalline silver ion dressings is a cost effective option in diabetic foot ulcer management. It decreases the period of hospitalization and reduces the burden on the health care system.