Iodine deficiency and supplementation in Germany. Success of public information and prevention as exemplified by iodized salt

Background. Iodine deficiency is a natural phenomenon and goitre is an endemic health problem in numerous countries including Germany. Methods. On the recommendation of the WHO, iodization of salt for human consumption is the main strategy to control iodine deficiency. In Germany the use of iodized salt is optional. Results. Iodine prophylaxis has been successfully introduced into Germany over the last 20 years. Currently, iodized salt is used by more 80% of the private households, by 70-80% of restaurants and canteens and 60-80% of bakeries and butchers. Conclusions. The progress of iodine prophylaxis is mainly due to intensive and professional public relations activities, supported by the government, administration, nutritionists and all kinds of health professionals. However, this preventive measure, as for any other, has to be monitored and evaluated for effectiveness and perhaps corrected. Iodine deficiency as a natural phenomenon cannot be eliminated. Efforts to realise iodine prophylaxis must be continued and developed continuously, consistently and persistently in order to prevent iodine deficiency disorders.