Radiofrequency ablation of hepatic tumors

This article aims to review the state of the art in ablation techniques for hepatic lesions. In addition to discussing the indications, outcomes, and potential complications of the technique, we illustrate the spectrum of imaging findings after treatment. Recent years have seen the development of a wide variety of minimally invasive techniques to treat liver cancer. These include ethanol injection, and thermal ablation using radiofrequency, laser, microwaves, or cryosurgery. Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation is one of the most promising non-surgical treatments for hepatic neoplasms. The results of several studies show that radiofrequency ablation enables adequate local control of tumors with few complications, achieving acceptable survival rates. Radiofrequency ablation can be performed using any imaging technique, although it is most commonly performed under ultrasound guidance. CT and MRI show the degree of tumor necrosis better and are more frequently employed in follow up. This article reviews the indications and contraindications for the procedure, potential complications, long-term outcome, and imaging findings for percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of hepatic tumors.