SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS IN THE SUPERIOR VARIETY OF SUGARCANE (Saccharum spp.)

The sugarcane (Saccharum ssp.) is a plant from the Poaceae family which is cultivated in countries in the tropical and subtropical regions. Its in vitro culture has already been descripted for several clones through the culture of callus, meristems and somatic embryos. The assay was installed in a totally randomized design with five replications and four flasks per replication with four explants each flask. At the induction and multiplication of the calli assays we tested concentrations of 2,4-D which oscillated between zero and 6,0 mg. L-1. Although in the regeneration of shoots the treatments proved a control and combinations of 0,1 to 0,4 mg. L-1 of kinetin and 0,2 to 0,8 mg. L-1 of BAP. For rooting we tested MS and MS/2. For the acclimatization we tested substrates containing coconut coir and/or vermiculite compound, limestone, fertilizer NPK (3-12-6) and salts from the MS medium. For the callus induction and multiplication we recommend the use of 6 mg. L-1 of 2,4-D, for the regeneration of shoots 0,2 mg. L-1 of kinetin, and 0,4 mg. L-1 of BAP (9,5 shoots/callus) and the rooting process in MS/2. The acclimatization can be done with coconut powder and vermiculite (2: 1 v/v) + 1 g.L-1 of limestone + 12 g.L-1 of NPK (3-12-6).