Simulation and crisis resource management

Human factors characterize how individuals interact with their environments. Analysis of medical errors shows that among human factors, psychological, cognitive, and organizational features are directly related to the quality of care. Therefore, in addition to knowledge and control of technical procedures, care providers should be able to operate within a successful team aiming at developing an adapted therapeutic approach. Simulation is an effective method to train health professionals to these called "non-technical" skills. Various situations provided by simulation offer secured possibilities for training, assessment, and discussion that enable healthcare professionals to face critical situations, develop competences, and improve performance. Based on a literature review, the authors present useful data for the development and promotion of teamwork training in crisis management in simulation centres as well as critical care departments including intensive care, emergency medicine, and anaesthesia departments.