Employment-at-will or just cause: The right choice

In adopting personnel practices, human service managers and agency boards frequently must choose between two fundamentally different policies-employment-at-will or just cause. An analysis of four union discharge cases illustrates how arbitrators apply the principles of first cause and due process in discipline situations. By supporting a voluntary arbitration model in the human service organizations, managers, social service unions, and the profession can promote participation irt decision-making and workplace justice.