Hydrodynamic Aspects of Laminar Submerged Buoyant Jets: Effect of Jet Inclination

An extensive investigation has been carried out to study the trajectory and other hydrodynamic aspects of non-confined submerged laminar buoyant jet issuing from inclined circular nozzle into isothermal ambient medium. Brine solution of different densities and fresh water have been used as the experimental fluids and flow diagnosis has been performed using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and shadowgraphy technique. The experimental results are considered in terms of the basic physical mechanisms which govern the buoyant jet flow characteristics. Based on the integral approach, a simple analytical model is developed to predict essential hydrodynamic aspect. The predicted jet centerline trajectory as well as the jet periphery obtained using analytical techniques are found to agree quite well with the experimental results. A detailed comprehensive integral analysis of the hydrodynamic aspect highlighting relative importance of associated parameters is addressed in this work. The effect of jet inclination, fluid injection velocity and the density difference between the fluids on jet trajectory for both positively and negatively buoyant jet are explicitly studied. The flow field reveals several interesting features like flow entrainment into the jet, terminal height, downward penetration.