Review: Sophorolipids A Promising Biosurfactant and it's Applications

Sophorolipids (SLPs) are the most promising glycolipid biosurfactants produced in large quantity by several nonpathogenic yeast species, among these Candida bombicola ATCC 22214 is the most studied SLP producing yeast. SLPs composed by the disaccharide sophorose (2'-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glycopyranose) linked (beta - glycosidically) to a long fatty acid chain with generally 16 to 18 atoms of carbon with one or more unsaturation. These compounds have characteristics, which are similar or even superior to the other biosurfactants and surfactants. Some of these advantages are environmental compatibility, high biodegradability, low toxicity, high selectivity and specific activity in a broad range of temperature, pH and salinity conditions. They fulfill the eco-friendly criteria combine Green chemistry and a lower carbon footprint. SLP possess a great potential for application in areas such as: Agriculture, Food, Biomedicine, Bioremediation, Cosmetics and Enhanced Oil Recovery.