Current/Voltage Sensor Fault Detection and Isolation in Wind Energy Conversion Systems Based on Power Balance

This paper proposes a novel current/voltage sensor fault detection and isolation (FDI) method for wind energy conversion systems (WECSs) based on the power balance principle. The proposed method uses the sensor-measured signals to calculate the imbalanced power in the power converters of a WECS, which is then used as the indicator for sensor fault detection. The fault isolation process is started when a fault is detected and is achieved by generating and comparing the residuals between the estimated and measured signals, where the residuals are generated by a trigonometric function-based estimation algorithm. The proposed method does not require additional hardware or the information of generator parameters, is capable of detecting and isolating both machine-side and grid-side current/voltage sensor faults, and is not influenced by other types of faults in WECSs or power grids. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink and experimental results for a 2.4-kW permanent-magnet synchronous generator-based WECS.