Ural Schools during Great Patriotic War (on Materials of Perm Region Archives and Museums)

The educational practice of Ural schools during the Great Patriotic war is examined. Based on documents from archives and museums of the Perm region school history in the period of 1941-1945 is reconstructed. The materials on the organizational and pedagogical problems and their solutions are presented. The implementation of the compulsory education, introduction of basic military training, forms of training and education in their relation to the realities of a military childhood are examined. Information about students' participation in the assistance front is provided. The author argues that in the second half of the 1930-ies - early 1940-ies a system of education and social teaching, having a rigid social order, developed. Solutions of actual problems of patriotic and military physical education are shown. The elements of best teaching experience and teachers' mastery as a phenomenon that expresses the essence of the processes in a specific period and timeless in its significance are described. Significant line of the historic genesis of childhood related to the role of the child as a subject of history is actualised. The publication is a part of research work on the military childhood and is limited by the historical-pedagogical analysis of the pedagogical practice, embodied in schools of Molotov oblast during the war.