TRAITS, ATTITUDES, AND SKILLS THAT ARE RELATED TO INTERCULTURAL EFFECTIVENESS AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR CROSS-CULTURAL TRAINING - A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

This review of the literature looks at recent definitions of such terms as Adjustment, Adaptation, Acculturation, Assimilation, and Effectiveness. It also summarizes what has been recently published about skills, attitudes, and traits as they relate to Intercultural Effectiveness, including the ability to communicate, ability to establish and maintain relationships, interaction management, orientation to knowledge, world view, cultural empathy, linguistic ability, flexibility, a realistic view of the target culture and organization skills. Factors that have a negative correlation are also covered, including dependent anxiety, task-related behavior, authoritarianism, perfectionism, rigidity, ethnocentrism, narrow-mindedness, and self-centered role behaviors. Finally, flaws in the research are also discussed and new directions for further research are identified. © 1990.