Cybernetics of Supervision: A Developmental Perspective

In this article we use cybernetics as a model of departure to discuss how first- and second-order stances inform a psychotherapy supervisor's development. We see a first- order stance as typical of a modernist approach, while a second-order stance reflects a post-modern paradigm. We postulate that these stances are not two opposing positions, but developmentally different stages through which supervisors move in their professional lives. In addition, we discuss the conditions for supervisors' transition from a first- order to a second-order stage, and conclude that such development includes a life-long process of maturation and progression from lower-toward higher-order integration of professional and personal selves.