THE EXPERIENCE OF LAND READJUSTMENT IN URBAN PLANNING

Nowadays, urban process competes with chaotic structure of land parcels that are not suitable for urban development. Land parcels are of various shapes that usually cannot be developed for building purposes. The structure of parcels is rearranged by planning documents - master and detailed plans. Master plans determine new land use of parcels. These planning documents are used to situate certain group of land parcels in an area of potential development, while other groups - in an area of restrictions or an area that is reserved for the public purposes. In this case, numerous problems occure. At first, the value of one group of parcels increases, meanwhile the value of other group of parcels decreases. Besides the expropriation of territories for the public purposes are carried out only in exceptional cases. Furthermore, many problems appear when urban territories are developed in very small plots by detailed planning. A suitable composition of parcels cannot be arranged for construction of residential houses. Besides, it is imposable to join all land owners for a common planning action in order to create territories of public use. In order to resolve such issues, the experience of mid-war Lithuania is described, as well as the know-how of foreign countries. Analysis of land readjustment process in mid-war Lithuania and other countries is carried out. A wider analysis of Germany as one of the most progressive countries in this field is presented.