Risk factors for pneumonia associated to acute ischemic stroke

Foundation: pneumonia associated to acute ischemic stroke is a risk factor for short term mortality, it is also associated with a poor functional recovery. The review of the topic state shows that it requires studies, at local and national levels which help to clarify on the risk factors in the Cuban hospital institutions. Objective: to identify th erisk factors of pneumonia associated to acute ischemic stroke. Methods: case study (N=50) and witness (N=100) nested in in prospective cohort of 343 patients with the diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke, admitted consecutively in the University General Hospital Carlos Manuel de Cespedes, from January 2015 to December 2017. Independent risk factors were obtained by using binary logistic regression. Results: the total of cases with pneumonia associated to acute ischemic stroke was of 33,3 %. The following risk factors were identified: History of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR: 9,74; IC 95 % 2,047-46,410), dysphagia (OR: 7,822; IC 95 % 2,525-24,236), scale of Glasgow <= 11 points (OR: 4,699; IC 95 % 1,917-11,520) and severe motor dysarthria/aphasia (OR: 4,432; IC 95 % 1,562-12,576). Conclusion: the most influential risk factors for pneumonia associated to acute ischemic stroke in the series studied have been similar in other studies realized in Cub and in other countries, some standing out more than others in different research.