The use of transcranial magnetic stimulation in the modulation mechanisms of neuroplasticity after ischemic stroke

The purpose of this article is to present the phenomenon of neuroplasticity in the context of the use of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in the modulation of neural plasticity. Neuroplasticity is a complex notion, which includes the concepts of neural tissue reorganization at both the biochemical level in structural processes and the behavioral level in the performance of complex mental functions. It is a modern, non-invasive method, that is used to regulate the activity of the cerebral cortex. Depending on the frequency used, various effects of the stimulation can be obtained. Many studies have described the mechanisms of neuronal changes which occur under the influence of the magnetic field. Experimental studies involving animals have shown the effectiveness of this method in the context of neural plasticity and neuroprotective effect. Tests were also carried out using this method with effective results in an animal model of ischemic stroke. TMS has particular application in clinical trials as a method of supporting the process of rehabilitation after stroke. The use of stimulation in the regions of the cerebral cortex has a beneficial effect for the treatment of motor dysfunction and speech disorders. Transcranial magnetic stimulation appears to be an effective method of stimulating the natural processes of brain plasticity.